[65], Although a variety of commercial tea cultivars exist in Japan, the vast majority of Japanese tea is produced using the Yabukita cultivar developed in the 1950s. [80][81] Green tea is not as popular as coffee or other types of Korean teas in modern South Korea. Because of the limited quantity of tea that can be produced in Japan, the majority of production is dedicated to the premium tea market. "Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze (tea), including catechins in green tea, and improvement of endothelium-dependent vasodilation (ID 1106, 1310), maintenance of normal blood pressure (ID 1310, 2657), maintenance of normal blood glucose concentrations (ID 1108), maintenance of normal blood LDL cholesterol concentrations (ID 2640), protection of the skin from UV-induced (including photo-oxidative) damage (ID 1110, 1119), protection of DNA from oxidative damage (ID 1120, 1121), protection of lipids from oxidative damage (ID 1275), contribution to normal cognitive function (ID 1117, 2812), "cardiovascular system" (ID 2814), "invigoration of the body" (ID 1274, 3280), decreasing potentially pathogenic gastro-intestinal microorganisms (ID 1118), "immune health" (ID 1273) and "mouth" (ID 2813) pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006", "Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to various food(s)/food constituent(s) and protection of cells from premature aging, antioxidant activity, antioxidant content and antioxidant properties, and protection of DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/20061", "Causes, Clinical Features, and Outcomes From a Prospective Study of Drug-Induced Liver Injury in the United States", "Update on the USP Green Tea Extract Monograph", "Green tea (Camellia sinensis) for the prevention of cancer", "Green tea and the risk of gastric cancer: epidemiological evidence", "Tea consumption and mortality of all cancers, CVD and all causes: a meta-analysis of eighteen prospective cohort studies", "The 2015 Dutch food-based dietary guidelines", "Effects of tea intake on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials", "Dietary and Policy Priorities for Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, and Obesity: A Comprehensive Review", "Coffee, tea, and cocoa and risk of stroke", "Effect of green tea on glucose control and insulin sensitivity: a meta-analysis of 17 randomized controlled trials", "Effects of green tea catechins with or without caffeine on glycemic control in adults: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials", "Green tea intake lowers fasting serum total and LDL cholesterol in adults: a meta-analysis of 14 randomized controlled trials", "Scientific opinion on the safety of green tea catechins", "Possible controversy over dietary polyphenols: benefits vs risks", "World tea production and trade: Current and future development", "Detention Without Physical Examination of Products from Japan Due to Radionuclide Contamination; Import Alert 99-33", "韓国における主要3茶産地形成期のリーダーの役割 : 寶城郡, 河東郡, 済州道を事例に", Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, "커피, 茶와의 동거…스타벅스 차 브랜드 '티바나' 10일만에 100만잔", "Tradition - The Way of Tea: A Lifestyle Aesthetic for Learning the Depth and Enlightenment of Life", Korean Overseas Culture and Information Service, "2015 Spring Harvest Hot Tea Class Champions", "The World of Korean Tea – Nokcha (Green Tea)", NCCIH - Green Tea Side Effects and Cautions, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Green_tea&oldid=1021472194, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text, Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2017, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 4 May 2021, at 22:02. In addition to its versatile flavors, many health discoveries are taking place due to its high number of antioxidants. In the 12th century a new … Soon after, green tea made its grand appearance on America when it shipped overseas with the settlers. A book written by Lu Yu in 618–907 AD (Tang dynasty), The Classic of Tea (simplified Chinese: 茶经; traditional Chinese: 茶經; pinyin: chájīng), is considered important in green tea history. As he grew older, his interest in tea blossomed and his abilities to make tea improved. Selena Ahmed, John Richard Stepp, in Tea in Health and Disease Prevention, 2013. Extracts are sold over the counter in liquid, powder, capsule, and tablet forms,[4][15] and may contain up to 17.4% of their total weight in caffeine,[16] though decaffeinated versions are also available.[17]. [20][21], Green tea interferes with the chemotherapy drug bortezomib (Velcade) and other boronic acid-based proteasome inhibitors, and should be avoided by people taking these medications. Green tea is simply the leaves of the camellia sinensis plant placed to steep in hot water. Green tea: Green tea is not fermented during processing and thus retains the original color of the tea leaves.The most famous green tea is the expensive Dragon Well tea, grown on the hillsides of Hangzhou. Southern, warmer regions such as Boseong in South Jeolla Province, Hadong in South Gyeongsang Province, and Jeju Island are famous for producing high-quality tea leaves.[96]. Johnson & G. Williamson, Phytochemical functional foods, Cambridge, UK: Woodhead Publishing, 2003, pp. HISTORY OF GREEN TEA. Sun-drying, basket or charcoal firing, or pan-firing are common artisanal methods. The first flush tea of May will readily store in this fashion until the next year's harvest. As a result of these methods, maximum amounts of polyphenols and volatile organic compounds are retained, affecting aroma and taste. Finally, each lot will be blended according to the blending order by the tasters and packed for sale. Oven-drying, tumbling, or steaming are common modern methods. It carries a malty and slightly grassy flavour somewhat different from its red counterpart. Green tea is usually produced from the China plant and is grown mostly in Japan, China, and to some extent Malaysia and Indonesia. At present, green tea comes from the same plant species, and there are different types grown and produced worldwide. Steeping, or brewing, is the process of making tea from leaves and hot water, generally using 2 grams (0.071 oz) of tea per 100 millilitres (3.5 imp fl oz; 3.4 US fl oz) of water (H2O) or about 1 teaspoon of green tea per 150 ml cup. Steeping too hot or too long results in the release of excessive amounts of tannins, leading to a bitter, astringent brew, regardless of initial quality. The appearance of green tea in three different stages (from left to right): the infused leaves, the dry leaves, and the liquid. The History of Green Tea. The colonists quickly obsessed over the tea and it became so popular that Parliament imposed a Tea Tax in 1767. The leaves in this state will be re-fired throughout the year as they are needed, giving the green teas a longer shelf-life and better flavor. Fun fact: green tea was called "bullet tea" because it resembled the shape of bullets when shipped. The second harvest usually takes place from June through July, and the third picking takes place in late July to early August. Emperor Shen Nung discovered tea when leaves from a wild tree blew into his pot of boiling water. [9][10][11][12][13][14], Green tea leaves are initially processed by soaking in an alcohol solution, which may be further concentrated to various levels; byproducts of the process are also packaged and used. Because of the high cost of labor in Japan, only the highest quality teas are plucked and processed by hand in the traditional fashion. This version of green tea is still enjoyed around the world today as are many other versions of the same tea leaf. Green Tea History. The discovery occurred by accident when the Chinese Emperor Shennong mistakenly drank water that had a dead tea leaf boiled in it. Davis Company, 2002, p. 153. Green tea was actually discovered by accident! Generally, lower-quality green teas are steeped hotter and longer while higher-quality teas are steeped cooler and shorter, but usually multiple times (2–3 typically). Green tea is regarded in China as the ultimate tea, and there are thousands of different varieties, plus many more from all around the world. [78] The restoration of the Korean way of tea began in the 1970s, around Dasolsa. This was the period when green tea became popular and it slowly changed from a luxury item into a drink commonly consumed by the public. [29][30][33] A 2013 Cochrane meta-analysis of longer-term randomized controlled trials (>3 months duration) concluded that green tea consumption lowers total and LDL cholesterol concentrations in the blood. [5] Although the mean content of flavonoids and catechins in a cup of green tea is higher than that in the same volume of other food and drink items that are traditionally considered to promote health,[6] flavonoids and catechins have no proven biological effect in humans. [58], The oldest tea-producing region in Japan is Uji, located near the former capital of Kyoto. Invented the world’s first canned Sencha (green tea) beverage. [59] Today, Japan's most expensive premium teas are still grown in Uji. [66], According to Record of Gaya cited in Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms, the legendary queen Heo Hwang-ok, a princess of the Ayodhya married to King Suro of Gaya, brought the tea plant from India and planted it in Baegwolsan, a mountain in current Changwon. [2], Tea consumption has its legendary origins in China during the reign of Emperor Shennong.[3]. [75]:3 However, it is a widely held view that systematic planting of tea bushes began with the introduction of Chinese tea culture by the Buddhist monks around the 4th century. Emperor Shennong found the flavor incredibly refreshing and thus, a new beverage was created. Green tea is sourced from Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze (Theaceae), the same species from which white, oolong, black and pu-erh teas are derived. Bottled tea and tea-flavored food products usually use lower-grade Japanese-style tea produced in China. Green tea is processed and grown in a variety of ways, depending on the type of green tea desired. Unlike Chinese teas, most Japanese teas are produced by steaming rather than pan firing. [64], Most Japanese teas are blended from leaves grown in different regions, with less emphasis on terroir than in the Chinese market. After this re-drying process, each crude tea will be sifted and graded according to size. Japanese tea production is heavily mechanized, and is characterized by the use of modern technology and processes to improve yields and reduce labor. Green tea, however, is considered to have originated in China. [2][35], In 2018, a scientific panel for the European Food Safety Authority reviewed the safety of green tea consumption over a low-moderate range of daily EGCG intake from 90 to 300 mg per day, and with exposure from high green tea consumption estimated to supply up to 866 mg EGCG per day. A mechanical rolling/drying process then dries the tea leaves into their final shape. 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