[152] Though the word "honyocker", possibly derived from the ethnic slur "hunyak",[157] was applied in a derisive manner at homesteaders as being "greenhorns", "new at his business", or "unprepared",[158] most of these new settlers had farming experience, though many did not.[159]. [213] It mandates that all schools teach American Indian history, culture, and heritage from preschool through college. Ranked 45th in population (by the 2010 Census) it is 19th in native people,[193] who are 6.5% of the state's population—the sixth-highest percentage of all fifty. In 1909, Congress passed the Enlarged Homestead Act that expanded the amount of free land from 160 to 320 acres (0.6 to 1.3 km2) per family and in 1912 reduced the time to "prove up" on a claim to three years. [320] Montana was the first state to also adopt a State Lullaby. The Montana Legislature is bicameral and consists of the 50-member Montana Senate and the 100-member Montana House of Representatives. Keep an eye on the forecast as your trip nears and pack accordingly. The foreclosure played a major part in the events that led to the 1996 Montana Freemen standoff. The capital moved to Virginia City in 1865 and to Helena in 1875. There is a Youth Court in every judicial district, and decisions of the Youth Court are appealable directly to the Montana Supreme Court. Vegetation of the state includes lodgepole pine, ponderosa pine, Douglas fir, larch, spruce, aspen, birch, red cedar, hemlock, ash, alder, rocky mountain maple and cottonwood trees. [231] Schools started forming in the area before it was officially a territory as families started settling into the area. More than 40 spent time in prison. Classes were taught by Mr. Between many mountain ranges are several rich river valleys. [145] A number of smaller spur lines operated in Montana from 1881 into the 20th century, including the Oregon Short Line, Montana Railroad, and Milwaukee Road. [203] Also, 15,438 (1.7% of the state population) were speakers of Indo-European languages other than English or Spanish, 10,154 (1.1%) were speakers of a Native American language, and 4,052 (0.4%) were speakers of an Asian or Pacific Islander language. [197] The state's seven reservations include more than 12 distinct Native American ethnolinguistic groups. [105], The coldest temperature on record for Montana is also the coldest temperature for the contiguous United States. Voters turned down a new convention in 1990 (84 percent no)[304] and again in 2010 (58.6 percent no). Montana became a United States territory (Montana Territory) on May 26, 1864. The highest observed summer temperature was 117 °F or 47.2 °C at Glendive on July 20, 1893, and Medicine Lake on July 5, 1937. Explore the blue ribbon rivers of Montana with our fly fishing guides. This pattern shifted, beginning with the 1988 election when Montana elected a Republican governor for the first time since 1964 and sent a Republican to the U.S. Senate for the first time since 1948. Enjoy custom fly fishing outfitting and expert guiding across Montana and Yellowstone National Park. The Big Hole Valley,[33] Bitterroot Valley,[34] Gallatin Valley,[35] Flathead Valley,[36][37] and Paradise Valley[38] have extensive agricultural resources and multiple opportunities for tourism and recreation. It is the fourth-largest state by area, the eighth-least populous state, and the third-least densely populated state. [50] The soil of intermountain basins usually consists of clay, gravel, sand, silt, and volcanic ash, much of it laid down by lakes which covered the region during the Oligocene 33 to 23 million years ago. However, the 1889 Montana constitution significantly restricted the power of state government, the legislature was much more powerful than the executive branch, and the jurisdiction of the District Courts very specifically described. The honyocker was farmer, spinster, deep-sea diver; fiddler, physician, bartender, cook. Heavy snowstorms may occur from September through May, though most snow falls from November to March. There have also been long-term shifts in party control. Amazon Customer. [52] The glaciated plains are generally covered in clay, gravel, sand, and silt left by the proglacial Lake Great Falls or by moraines or gravel-covered former lake basins left by the Wisconsin glaciation 85,000 to 11,000 years ago. [99][a] Since re-introduction the gray wolf population has stabilized at about 900 animals, and they have been delisted as endangered. To Hon. We have seen it snow every month of the year. [162], As World War I broke out, Jeannette Rankin, the first woman in the United States to be a member of Congress, voted against the United States' declaration of war. GENERAL LAWS AND DEFINITIONS – CHAPTER 1. From 1968 through 1988, the state was dominated by the Democratic Party, with Democratic governors for a 20-year period, and a Democratic majority of both the national congressional delegation and during many sessions of the state legislature. Join us for an ‘all-inclusive’ Montana fly fishing trip that pairs world-class fly fishing with the best accommodations and dining in the Big Sky State at our Montana fly fishing lodges. [160] Also, most settlers were from wetter regions, unprepared for the dry climate, lack of trees, and scarce water resources. [274] West Yellowstone offers a large selection of trails and is the primary starting point for snowmobile trips into Yellowstone National Park,[275] where "oversnow" vehicle use is strictly limited, usually to guided tours, and regulations are in considerable flux. We, as Montana fly fishing anglers, guides, and outfitters, enjoy the benefits of the hard work of the great conservationists that came before us every day we spend on our rivers. State Symbols – Official Designations", "St. Mary's Mission in Stevensville designated National Historic District", "Tester Asks Navy to Christen Submarine USS Montana", "Threatened, Endangered and Candidate Species in Montana-Endangered Species Act", "Trapping and Furbearer Management in Montana", "Upper Yellowstone River Mapping Project", "USGS Geonames Search Result-Montana+Stream", "Vermont Remains Top State in Capita per Brewery", "Welcome to the Montana High School Association", "Welcome to the World Ski Joring Championships", "Yellowstone in Winter: Current Management and Planning", List of Searchable Databases Produced by Montana State Agencies, Montana Energy Data & Statistics—From the U.S. Department of Energy, Montana State Facts From the U.S. Department of Agriculture, USGS Real-time, Geographic, and Other Scientific Resources of Montana, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montana&oldid=1023024043, States and territories established in 1889, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from October 2020, Wikipedia pending changes protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with possible nickname list, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from June 2014, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from November 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2013, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from October 2020, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018, Articles containing potentially dated statements from September 2020, Articles needing additional references from February 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles with dead external links from February 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with self-published sources from December 2017, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, "Oro y Plata" (Spanish for "Gold and Silver"), Total employer establishments: 38,720 (As of 2018. All members are limited to serving no more than eight years in a single 16-year period. Montana received a second representative in 1913, following the 1910 census and reapportionment. Hell Roaring Creek begins in southern Montana, and when combined with the Red Rock, Beaverhead, Jefferson, Missouri, and Mississippi River, is the longest river in North America and the fourth longest river in the world. Join us in this legacy and learn about conservation oppurtunities in Montana. Montana (/mɒnˈtænə/ (listen)) is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. [120], The land in Montana east of the continental divide was part of the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. Montana's House district is the largest congressional district in the United States by population, with just over 1,023,000 constituents. In 1942, the US Army established Camp Rimini near Helena for the purpose of training sled dogs in winter weather. [208], The largest denominations in Montana as of 2010 were the Catholic Church with 127,612 adherents, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints with 46,484 adherents, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America with 38,665 adherents, and nondenominational Evangelical Protestant with 27,370 adherents. Combining the largest sensor sizes with Extreme electronics to deliver unparalleled speed and sensitivity. Trapping of assorted fur-bearing animals is allowed in certain seasons and many opportunities exist for migratory waterfowl and upland bird hunting.[268][269]. The first territorial capital was at Bannack. [166], In the wake of the legislative action in 1918, emotions rose. [110][114] According to a study done for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency by the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Science, parts of Montana will experience a 200% increase in area burned by wildfires and an 80% increase in related air pollution.[116][117]. [79] It flows north through Yellowstone National Park, enters Montana near Gardiner, and passes through the Paradise Valley to Livingston. We offer full-day and half-day trips, as well as float and wade fishing options, that cater to seasoned and beginner anglers alike. These three communities are the centers of Montana's three Metropolitan Statistical Areas. With an area of 147,040 square miles (380,800 km2),[1] Montana is slightly larger than Japan. [317], Collectively all of these areas (excluding Havre) are known informally as the "big seven", as they are consistently the seven largest communities in the state (their rank order in terms of population is Billings, Missoula, Great Falls, Bozeman, Butte, Helena and Kalispell, according to the 2010 U.S. [174] In addition, the Council of Defense was made a state agency with the power to prosecute and punish individuals deemed in violation of the Act. The U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management controls 8,100,000 acres (33,000 km2) of federal land. "A depiction of mountains, plains, forests, and the Great Falls of the Missouri River. [213] South Dakota passed similar legislation in 2007, and Wisconsin was working to strengthen its own program based on this model—and the current practices of Montana's schools. The Montana Angling Company is based in Bozeman, Montana and offers guided fly fishing trips on Montana’s finest trout rivers, streams, and lakes. [76] Montana also claims the disputed title of possessing the world's shortest river, the Roe River, just outside Great Falls. MFBN has shipped 1.6 million meals to Montana food pantries in the last month ― half a million more than during the same period last year. [12] This time, Rep. Samuel Cox, also of Ohio, objected to the name. Our Montana fly fishing guides are the literal backbone of the Montana Angling Company. 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