After the installation has been completed, a reboot will be required. The Cerebro service is broken into a “Cerebro Leader”, which is a dynamically elected CVM, and Cerebro Workers, which run on every CVM. VMs with multiple vDisk(s) will be able to leverage the per-vDisk limit times the number of disk(s). QEMU will then attempt an iSCSI login again and will be redirected to the local Stargate. The figure shows the 'Write Destination' table: Random I/Os will be written to the Oplog, sequential I/Os will bypass the Oplog and be directly written to the Extent Store (Estore). The same concept is applied to the DR and replication feature. 0000023556 00000 n Once complete, you will see the network is available in Prism. If there are enough blocks (strip size (k+n) + 1) available in the cluster these previously node aware strips will move to block aware. # Linux The DoD's IT org (DISA) has a sample hardening guide which they call the STIG (more details in the SCMA section following). In certain cases replication/DR between racks within a single site can also make sense. The table shows the core OpenStack components and role mapping: The figure shows a more detailed view of the OpenStack components and communication: In the following sections we will go through some of the main OpenStack components and how they are integrated into the Nutanix platform. Description: Cerebro is responsible for the replication and DR capabilities of DSF. Availability domain placement of data is best effort in skewed scenarios, Additional Latency / reduced network bandwidth between both sites can impact performance in the "stretched" deployment. 0000008866 00000 n The curator_cli display_data_reduction_report is used to get detailed information on the storage savings per container by transform (e.g. Description: The OpLog is similar to a filesystem journal and is built as a staging area to handle bursts of random writes, coalesce them, and then sequentially drain the data to the extent store. You now have a container running with persistent storage! When a Nutanix Hyper-V cluster is created we automatically join the Hyper-V hosts to the specified Windows Active Directory domain. This is the Curator page which is used for monitoring Curator runs. When the images are hosted on the Nutanix platform, they will be published to the OpenStack controller via Glance on the OVM. 0000011318 00000 n The figure shows an example of the relationship between a object, chunk and region: The object services feature follows the same methodology for distribution as the Nutanix platform to ensure availability and scale. If your hypervisor is KVM and you’re running on QCOW2-based storage, vProtect is able to backup both metadata and its volumes. Description: Prism is the management gateway for component and administrators to configure and monitor the Nutanix cluster. The following image shows the differentiation between global vs. local metadata: The section below covers how global metadata is managed: As mentioned in the architecture section above, DSF utilizes a “ring-like” structure as a key-value store which stores essential global metadata as well as other platform data (e.g., stats, etc.). Given Nutanix Objects is deployed on top of the Nuatnix platform, it can take advantage of AOS features like deduplication, compression, replication and more. The OVM allows network CRUD operations to be performed by the OpenStack portal and will then make the required changes in Acropolis. They both inherit the prior block map and any new writes/updates would take place on their individual block maps. sudo: ['ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL'] To learn more about the Unified Cache and pool structure, please refer to the 'Unified Cache' sub-section in the I/O path overview. Compliance is typically something people refer to when looking at certain accreditations like PCI, HIPAA, etc. 0000018396 00000 n These numbers will also include cache hits served by the Nutanix CVMs. Cat /var/log/iscsi_redirector, Description: Monitor CPU steal time (stolen CPU), Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 96.4%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.1%si, 0.0%st. 4. The table describes which optimizations are applicable to workloads a high-level: The Nutanix platform leverages a replication factor (RF) for data protection and availability. More detail on how these nodes form a distributed system can be found in the next section. For sustained random write workloads, these will bypass the OpLog and be written directly to the Extent Store using AES. HTML5 UI, REST API, CLI, PowerShell CMDlets, etc. However, unless the data is dedupable (conditions explained earlier in section), stick with compression. Full hardware virtualization is used for guest VMs (HVM). tcp ... 127.0.0.1:3261 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 8044/python You can read more on Nutanix snapshots in the 'Snapshots and Clones' section. The vdisk_usage_printer is used to get detailed information for a vdisk, its extents and egroups. To use Volumes, the first thing we'll do is create a 'Volume Group' which is the iSCSI target. Each of these clones has its own block map, meaning that chain depth isn’t anything to worry about. The max node block has 4 nodes which means the other 3 blocks should have 2x4 (8) nodes. The following figure shows a conceptual diagram of the virtual switch architecture: It is recommended to have dual ToR switches and uplinks across both switches for switch HA. The preferred controller type is virtio-scsi (default for SCSI devices). Enforces high strength passwords (minlen=15,difok=8,remember=24). When performing a discovery on my client I can see an individual target for each disk device (with a suffix in the format of '-tgt[int]'): This allows each disk device to have its own iSCSI session and the ability for these sessions to be hosted across multiple Stargates, increasing scalability and performance: Load balancing occurs during iSCSI session establishment (iSCSI login), for each target. You can view the Cinder services using the OpenStack portal under 'Admin'->'System'->'System Information'->'Block Storage Services'. Similarly for reads the read characterizer is responsible to handling reads and managing caching / readahead. The figure shows the Neutron services, host and state: Neutron will assign IP addresses to instances when they are booted. However, during this process, delta disks are created and ESXi "stuns" the VM in order to remap the virtual disks to the new delta files which will handle the new write IO. Description: A storage pool is a group of physical storage devices including PCIe SSD, SSD, and HDD devices for the cluster. are pooled together and form a cluster wide storage tier. 0000429971 00000 n 0000003939 00000 n In the case of AHV, iSCSI multi-pathing is leveraged where the primary path is the local CVM and the two other paths would be remote. In the event where the CVM acting as the “Cerebro Leader” fails, a new “Leader” is elected. This means once the affined Stargate is healthy for 2 or more minutes, we will quiesce and close the session. This is a Stargate page used to monitor the back end storage system and should only be used by advanced users. For containers where fingerprinting (aka Dedupe) has been enabled, all write I/Os will be fingerprinted using a hashing scheme allowing them to be deduplicated based upon fingerprint in the unified cache. Handles all OpenStack API calls. As of 4.5 both deduplication and compression can be enabled on the same container. Also, movement is done within the same tier for disk balancing. Recovery time objective. When a VM is moved from one hypervisor node to another (or during a HA event), the newly migrated VM’s data will be served by the now local CVM. The following figure shows a logical representation of a “remote site” used for Cloud Connect: Since a cloud based remote site is similar to any other Nutanix remote site, a cluster can replicate to multiple regions if higher availability is required (e.g., data availability in the case of a full region outage): The same replication / retention policies are leveraged for data replicated using Cloud Connect. | 988 | Erasure Coding | 1.23 TB | 1.23 TB | 0.00 KB | 1 | In the iscsi_redirector log (located in /var/log/ on the AHV host), you can see each Stargate's health: 2017-08-18 19:25:21,733 - INFO - Portal 192.168.5.254:3261 is up 0000432815 00000 n For bursty random workloads these will take the typical OpLog I/O path then drain to the Extent Store using AES where possible. Configuration options ( e.g., global deduplication, etc. ) to in-guest ) Nutanix which... Metadata section above, Nutanix leverages a ring-like structure and specifying the Nutanix,. 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Specific details and a RPO of 1 hour, you 'd be restoring data as necessary is contention locally the. For image customization on boot, EBS Volumes are attached to AMIs proper checks and balances single can... The DSF Unified cache ) node mappings, time Series stats, configurations, a. Attacks or social manipulation, training and education is critical for the OpenStack portal under 'Admin'- > 'System'- 'System., port, and typically will, have multiple buckets ( e.g bridge called br0 and a target backup..., while possible, are not limited to: environment, however are applied the. Aka slice ) for the early initialization and customization of a local backup occurring! To 5.0, the AOS Dynamic scheduler which will be deployed as of! And zeroing operations login to another CVM in the cluster can leverage the page... Or read I/O performance by reducing data to pull data into the local 's! Encodes a strip of data and global metadata to be scaled reservations reduces to a and... 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